شکرک زدن عسل
اسانس گل رز
2019-09-26
شکرک زدن (متبلور شدن) یا گرانول شدن عسل یک فرایند طبیعی است که در آن عسل از حالت مایع به حالت جامد تغییر می کند. بعد از خارج کردن عسل از موم آن، تمایل عسل به شکرک زدن بیشتر می شود. عوامل بسیار زیادی بر میزان تبلور تأثیر می گذارند، از جمله ترکیب قند، آب، درجه اشباع شدن و ویسکوزیته است؛ دو مورد آخر به دما وابسته هستند. بیشترین میزان تبلور توسط محققان مختلف بین 13 تا 15/5 درجه سانتی گراد مشاهده شده است.
گرانول شدن عسل به اشباع بیش از حد گلوکز مربوط می شود. افزایش دما باعث افزایش حلالیت گلوکز می شود که در نتیجه سبب کاهش میزان اشباع می شود، در حالیکه با کاهش دما ویسکوزیته با محدود کردن حرکت مولکول ها افزایش می یابد.
در صنعت عسل، “شکرک زدن” یکی از مهمترین ویژگی های این محصول است. وجود این دانه های بلور سبب تغییر بافت و شکل آن می شود؛ شکل و اندازه بلورها ممکن است بر رنگ عسل نیز تأثیر بگذارد. بنابراین اغلب، مصرف کنندگان به اشتباه تصور می کنند که این امر به دلیل کیفیت پایین عسل، یا شرایط بد نگهداری آن و یا به دلیل طبیعی نبودن و تقلبی بودن آن است.
تمایل تجار و فروشندگان عسل این است که قبل از بسته بندی از طریق عمل پاستوریزاسیون، از شکرک زدن جلوگیری کرده و یا آن را به تأخیر بیاندازند. برای این منظور، محصول را از طریق فیلتر فشار، خیلی سریع و آنی به دمای 80 درجه سانتیگراد می رسانند.
منابع:
1. Dettori, A., Tappi, S., Piana, L., Rosa, M.D., Rocculi, P., Kinetic of induced
honey crystallization and related evolution of structural and physical properties, LWT – Food Science and Technology (2018), doi: 10.1016/j.lwt.2018.04.092.
2. https://honeypedia.info/why-does-honey-crystallize
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